Structural and Electrical Characterization of Gadolinium and Sodium Co-Doped Barium Strontium Titanate

The effect of Gadolinium (Gd) and Sodium (Na) co-doping on the structural and electrical properties of Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3, i.e. (Gd0.5Na0.5)0.1Ba0.7Sr0.2 TiO3 (GNBST) is reported. (Gd, Na) doping is expected to tune the dielectric characteristics of BST by ionic size effect. GNBST was synthesized by the solid-state mixed oxide method. The wet mixed powder was calcined at 1400°C for 12 hrs. A single-crystallographic phase formation was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction technique and analysed through Rietveld refinement using the X’Pert Highscore plus software. The calcined powder was pressed into pellets and sintered at 1450°C for 2 hrs. The dielectric and electrical characteristics was investigated by measuring the dielectric parameters at different temperatures starting from room temperature to 300°C.