Scalable One-Step Template-Free Synthesis of Ultralight Edge-Multifunctionalized g-C3N4 Nanosheets with Enhanced Optical and Electrochemical Properties

The multifunctional polymeric graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets were synthesized via a one-step template-free calcination method at various temperatures from melamine monomer. An X-ray diffraction investigation confirmed the formation of g-C3N4. Raman study corroborated the synthesis materials’ chemical structure, phase, polymorphy, and molecular interactions. The surface morphological analyses of the as-synthesized g-C3N4 nanosheets were examined using FESEM. XPS and EDX analysis validated the purity and components included in the g-C3N4. UV–Vis analysis was used to study the optical absorbance and optical conductivity of the synthesized materials with an optical band gap of 2.79 eV. Photoluminescence spectra were used to investigate the enhanced rate of electron–hole recombination in g-C3N4 nanosheets that emit blue light. The color coordination, as well as the color purity of g-C3N4 calculated from the CIE diagram. The electrochemical performance of g-C3N4 was calculated using galvanostatic charge–discharge and cyclic voltammetry. All of these findings indicate that g-C3N4 are a potential material for multifunctional applications.