A Review of Architecture and Topologies Used for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

Electric vehicles (EVs) have been increasingly popular in recent years due to their high efficiency, decreased reliance on fossil fuels, and low maintenance requirements. Because of its high power transformation efficiency, dependability, and simple interface with a renewable energy source, DC bus-connected EVs are preferable to AC ones. Transformer-based charger installation is too expensive and heavy. At a reduced load, it is unable to offer more efficiency. Transformerless charging stations are used to avoid these kinds of problems. It works with high voltage levels and provides higher energy efficiency. An extremely fast-charging station, which is similar to a gasoline car and can allow refueling, uses a solid-state transformer. The article is firstly reviewing the various renewable energy source connected to charging station infrastructures. Secondly, the transformerless charging station is used to enhance the power density. After that, reviewed on solid-state transformer replacing the low-frequency transformer. In the end, charging station levels and standards are also discussed.