Performance Evaluation of Brushless Direct Current Motor for an Electric Vehicle with Various PWM-Based Controllers

Electric vehicles will replace combustible automobiles to enhance driving performance and cut emissions, all of which will contribute to sustainable development. The potential to lengthen an electric vehicle's range is necessary for proper EV operation. BLDC motor drives are the most viable for electric vehicles as they have a simple structure, less weight, a broader speed range, noiseless operation, strong starting torque, accurate and precise control, and high dynamic responsiveness as compared to a DC motor. But torque oscillations cause increased noise, vibrations, and inefficiencies. The most popular controllers are direct torque control (DTC) and field-oriented control (FOC). But DTC has disadvantages, including problems with control at low speeds with huge current and torque pulsation formation. Hence, a field-oriented control (FOC) of a BLDC motor utilizing sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM), space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM), a fuzzy/PID logic control scheme (FLC/PID), and finally a bio-intuitive spider web-based algorithm control scheme has been compared. The torque pulsation values, the controller expense for each case, as well as the settling time and peak overshoot for the speed obtained are explored to evaluate the effectualness of the techniques for electric vehicle implementation. The system assessment is performed using the MATLAB/Simulink platform.