Combined Blowing and Industrial Application

In Chap. 5 , water model experiments, numerical simulations, and industrial tests were performed to determine the arrangement of the submerged gas jet, and Mode B was considered the optimized arrangement scheme (see Sect.  5.2.1 for a schematic of this mode) (Wei et al. in JOM 70:969–976, 2018 [1]; Wei et al. in Metall Mater Trans B 50:1077–1090, 2019 [2]; Wei et al. in ISIJ Int 58:842–851, 2018 [3]; Wei et al. in Metall Mater Trans B 51:1101–1112, 2020 [4]). As the oven wall oxygen lance is a significant element in EAF steelmaking owing to its superiority in controlling the metal bath stirring, chemical reaction kinetics, and metal bath recirculation, it is of great importance to establish a new oxygen supplying system by combining oven wall oxygen lances and submerged nozzles optimally.