General Introduction

EAF steelmaking uses scrap steel as the main raw material, which has the characteristics of short process, low energy consumption, and low carbon emissions (Miller et al. in Electric arc furnace. Alphascript Publishing, Germany, 2010; Mori Electric arc furnace steelmaking method. Translated by Zhu G.: Metallurgical Industry Press, Beijing, pp. 178–189, 2006). The energy consumption of the short process of EAF is about 200 kgce/t and the CO2 emission is about 600 kg/t, which are less than 1/3 of the long process of converter (> 600 kgce/t, > 2000 kg/t), and the advantages of green environmental protection are significant (Toulouevski and Zinurov in Innovation in electric arc furnaces. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, pp 211–235, 2010; Fruenhan in Trans Indian Inst Met 59:607–617, 2006).