Geochemical Evolution of Spring Water Sources in West Phaileng, Mizoram

As water demand is rising due to the increase in the population and urbanization, the use of spring water as supplementary water sources becomes imminent. Mizoram state, which is located in the North Eastern part of India, located at the top of a ridge where the main sources of water are generally streams, spring and rainfall. As many of the springs are reportedly drying up lately, this may be due to the anthropogenic and the local effect of climate change as the area received intense rain during monsoon and longer dry period of little or no rain during winter, which may result in the very low discharge or drying up during this time of year. The general lithology consists of alternations of siltstone, shale, and sandstone, wherein the porosity of the rocks is very limited. Identifying the recharge of spring water is of prime importance for sustainable management strategies. The hydrogeological strata and the geochemical composition in mountain scale study were conducted, and it was observed that water is young and immature type, and the lower residence time of the water relates with MFR mountain front recharge mechanism being the major portion of groundwater recharge. Artificial recharge is a necessity for the growing populations which demands more water and as more storage of water is needed to save water in times of water surplus for use in times of water shortage.