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Plant genetic resources for food and agriculture are essential for ensuring food security and are a valuable and strategically important asset for any country, contributing to the economic development of nations. Plant genetic resources are key in breeding new varieties and are crucial in overcoming complex challenges such as climate change and increasing food demands. The efficient use of plant genetic resources is now a major factor in the sustainable development of agriculture worldwide. Belarus has a rich gene pool of species that serve as a potential resource for creating high-yield and resistant cultivars, ornamental plants, as well as medicinal, spicy, and technical raw materials. Since 2000, the State program “Plants Gene Pool” has been operating in the Republic of Belarus. This program forms the basis for implementing government policies related to the collection, conservation, and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for the benefit of the country’s science and economy. There are 11 research institutions of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus and one higher educational establishment participating in the implementation of the State program. They are responsible for the formation, documentation, exploration, and ex situ, in situ, in vitro conservation and use of the crop collections. The National collection of plant genetic resources included more than 92,000 accessions in 2022. Due to the conducted research and expedition exploration on the territory of the Republic of Belarus, targeted genetic, core, trait, and training collections of the most economically important crops, fruit, berry crops, and forest crops, were created, and the gene bank was established. The country collaborates with international agricultural research centers and international gene banks. The National Strategy for Conservation and Sustainable Use of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture for 2021–2035 has been elaborated. This chapter presents the state and results of research on plant genetic developed in the Republic of Belarus, including legislation for their conservation and use, and studying crop collections and their wild relatives.

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Belarus Gene Bank

  • 动态工具书词条

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Fiodar Pryvalau,
  • Iryna Matys,
  • Alesia Launikevich

摘要

Plant genetic resources for food and agriculture are essential for ensuring food security and are a valuable and strategically important asset for any country, contributing to the economic development of nations. Plant genetic resources are key in breeding new varieties and are crucial in overcoming complex challenges such as climate change and increasing food demands. The efficient use of plant genetic resources is now a major factor in the sustainable development of agriculture worldwide. Belarus has a rich gene pool of species that serve as a potential resource for creating high-yield and resistant cultivars, ornamental plants, as well as medicinal, spicy, and technical raw materials. Since 2000, the State program “Plants Gene Pool” has been operating in the Republic of Belarus. This program forms the basis for implementing government policies related to the collection, conservation, and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for the benefit of the country’s science and economy. There are 11 research institutions of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus and one higher educational establishment participating in the implementation of the State program. They are responsible for the formation, documentation, exploration, and ex situ, in situ, in vitro conservation and use of the crop collections. The National collection of plant genetic resources included more than 92,000 accessions in 2022. Due to the conducted research and expedition exploration on the territory of the Republic of Belarus, targeted genetic, core, trait, and training collections of the most economically important crops, fruit, berry crops, and forest crops, were created, and the gene bank was established. The country collaborates with international agricultural research centers and international gene banks. The National Strategy for Conservation and Sustainable Use of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture for 2021–2035 has been elaborated. This chapter presents the state and results of research on plant genetic developed in the Republic of Belarus, including legislation for their conservation and use, and studying crop collections and their wild relatives.