An extensive overview of Jordan’s abundant plant genetic resources (PGRs) is provided in this chapter. It describes the varied flora found throughout the nation, offering historical documentation and insights into the preservation and use of this national heritage. The chapter emphasizes Jordan’s significance as part of the well-known Fertile Crescent, considered the cradle of agriculture and home to an abundance of plant genetic resources, including wild edible species, crop wild relatives (CWRs), and local landraces. These resources’ genes for stress tolerance are essential for improving crops. The chapter also examines the current situation of the National Seed Bank at Jordan’s National Agricultural Research Center (NARC). The significance of species distribution modeling, diversity assessment, vegetation evaluation, seed germination ecology, and genetic resource characterization is highlighted. Cooperation between NARC and regional and international partners, such as ICARDA, FAO, and international gene banks, is also addressed. The chapter concludes with plans for the upcoming National Seed Bank of Jordan, including information on its goals and facilities. The new seed bank aims to provide breeding materials for pest resistance and climate change adaptation, improve seed research capabilities, and preserve Jordan’s floral legacy.