NEIKER-BRTA (Basque Institute of Agricultural Research) and CCBAT (Center for purposes, while at the same time allowing access to private users for local cultivars. This is the Conservation of Agricultural Agrobiodiversity from Tenerife) germplasm banks, located in Vitoria-Gasteiz (Spain) and Tenerife (Spain), respectively, belong to the network of collections of the National Program of Plant Genetic Resources managed by INIA-CSIC of Spain. NEIKER maintains the only potato collection by in vitro multiplication, made up of old varieties, as well as those obtained from the breeding program which has been running now for many years. CCBAT keeps its own collection of old varieties from the Canary Islands by vegetative propagation, in collaboration with the company CULTESA. The main objective is the long-term maintenance and conservation of the varieties, as well as the accessibility of these resources to the scientific community for breeding and research. This chapter focuses on potato genetic resources management, conservation, characterization, in vitro culture and field evaluation.