Climate Change: Extremes, Disasters and Call for Resilient Development

World has observed significant rise in global temperature which is clearly evident from the increased atmospheric temperature, oceanic temperature, melting of glaciers, rising sea level, shifting of local vegetation and agricultural practices, intense heat waves, migration of birds and animals, endangered corals species, flora and fauna etc. Future scenario is gruesome and expected to get worsen. Science fraternity, worldwide claims that, the developing countries are expected to suffer more at the hand of Climate Change. The future predicted for the developing countries, and world at large is the ubiquitous presence of stresses such as scarcity of water resources, food insecurity, non-existence of many island countries and non-existence of many animal and plant species. In the light of keeping the ecology and environment from getting distressed to worse, Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) and Mitigation has the real potential to overcome this worse condition by building Climate Resilience in the community and ecology. This chapter discusses about the interrelatedness between increased disaster’s frequency with Climate Change, need for CCA and mitigation strategies for building resilience, present condition of the country’s vulnerability to Climate Change, associated disasters, and initiatives taken by India to address Climate Change.