Packet Scheduling in the Underwater Network Using Active Priority and QLS-Based Energy-Efficient Backpressure Technique

Underwater communications are playing a major role in recent times as underwater happenings have gained interest. Especially in scenarios based on natural calamities like tsunamis, pollution detection, and surveillance, underwater communications are indispensable. Parameters like battery life span and capabilities of sensor nodes play a vital role in the underwater environment. QoS has to be taken care of in underwater communication. Congestion avoidance helps in using energy efficiently in underwater communication. Simulation results prove that this algorithm overcomes the drawback of a normal backpressure-based, static priority algorithm where packet loss, delay, the energy of nodes, and routing overhead are reduced overall, and packet delivery ratio and throughput are increased in special cases of real-time important packets. As underwater nodes are battery-operated, it is essential to have energy-efficient scheduling algorithm. The proposed algorithm solves the drawback of the backpressure algorithm by having energy-efficient queue length stabilizer (QLS) technique, where the backlog is adjusted such that no queues are affected and the energy consumption is less. And real-time packets are treated effectively such that real-time applications can be supported using this scheduling algorithm. The novelty of the proposed method is congestion control methodology with active priority and energy efficiency for an underwater network for effective scheduling of packets where queue backlog size is also adjusted virtually based on energy.