A System for Evacuation Route Plan Based on the Nature of Terrain and Dynamic Nature of Construction

Labors from construction sites are dedicated to working on different activities which could turn into dangerous situations. Moreover, fire in construction and other types of emergencies such as severe or unexpected weather conditions, earthquakes, and partial collision of buildings can also threaten the safety of workers. Therefore, authorities of construction site protection need to have a solid evacuation plan which can provide the fastest evacuation route for laborers. To develop an effective evacuation route plan, it is critical to consider the dynamic nature of construction (material locations, temporary stairs, later, etc.) and the different nature of the terrain in construction (concrete or rebar floors, etc.) that can impact the evacuation time negatively. This paper presents a framework that uses BIM technology and a game engine that can present the object in 3D and provide efficient program to find the fastest evacuation route by considering the velocity on different terrain. The system provides a user-defined form for selecting constraints in order to acquire the fastest evacuation route. These parameters involve the location of the construction materials, complete or incomplete structures of walls or stairs, temporary construction, floor conditions, and exits. The case study using the four-story sample BIM is executed to validate the proposed approach. The proposed system is expected to assist the safety engineers in developing the fastest evacuation route plan.