A Non-parametric Test-Based Trend Analysis of the Rainfall and Temperature Pattern in the District of Bharuch, Gujarat

Rapid urbanization is a factor in climate change, which has negative effects on the environment. Change must occur as much as feasible in order to lessen the effects. Understanding the climatic conditions over years, if not decades, is necessary to analyze the shift. The temperature and rainfall patterns for a certain site are the most frequently researched climate change factors, however it differs from place to place. Therefore, both long-term trends and recent variations in rainfall and temperature in the Bharuch district are examined in this study. Researchers examined data on precipitation and temperature from 1981 to 2020. Statistical trend analysis methods like the Mann–Kendall test and Sen's slope estimator were used to examine and analyze the problems. The annual maximum and minimum temperatures have showed a growing trend, whereas the monsoon's maximum temperature has shown a falling trend, according to a thorough analysis of the statistics over the past 39 years. Throughout the monsoon season, rainfall is gradually increasing (Sen's slope = 0.76). The lowest temperature trend was modestly warming or growing over the study period, while the maximum temperature trend was declining (Sen's slope = −0.13). The lowest temperature trend analysis result, however, is statistically significant at the 95 percent level of confidence, but the highest temperature trend analysis result is not.