Vulvar and Vaginal Cancers

Malignant tumours of the vulva and vagina are rare and account for less than 5% of all cancers of the female genital tract. While early and pre-invasive cancers of the vulva and vagina can be effectively managed with surgery alone, multidisciplinary approach using radiation and chemotherapy is needed for larger tumours, often due to proximity of urethra and anal sphincter and to prevent significant morbidity. The chapter describes the standard of care recommendations for management of vulvo-vaginal cancers and a summary of ongoing advances in management involving surgery, radiation, chemotherapy and immunotherapy.