Nanomaterial-Based Sulfur Composite Cathodes

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries fascinated the excessive intension of research community due to higher energy density, cost-effective, and greater efficiency as compared to lithium-ion batteries. Though under the huge benefits and countless achievements, there are some limitations such as rapid capacity declining and low utilization with sulfur cathode because of shuttle effect and uncontrollable high polysulfide deposition which restricted to practical usage of such effective energy storage device. Under such circumstances, we discussed nanomaterial-based sulfur cathode composites in this chapter specifically which provide great support in better electrochemical pathways. However, design/fabrication of different carbon-sulfur or other polymer-sulfur composite cathodes have been discussed with addressed shuttle effect and solution of this problem by these composites. Furthermore, porous, hollow/core-shell, nanosheets/nanorods and hierarchical nanomaterials have also been discussed with their size effects on Li+/electron transfer and their morphological impact on electrochemical performance as well. We summarized the different porous carbon hosts with their steady incorporation ways of carbon-sulfur cathodes. At the end, we summarized sufficient regarding challenges with sulfur cathode which restricted the applications in electronic field at commercial level. Additionally, our discussion concluded with their developing trend in the future about porous nanomaterial-based sulfur composite of sulfur cathode.