Impact of Soil Property in Selection of Stabilisation Technique—A Review

The selection of stabilisation technology is heavily influenced by the intrinsic qualities of the soil. Various soil characteristics affect the application intensity of the stabilising procedure. Consequently, a variety of stabilising measures should be used such that they complement soil qualities and aid to enhance various soil metrics. Lime and cement are a common alternative for binding, however reusing the same procedure might pose environmental and economic issues. They may cause unintended responses, which merely exacerbates the situation. The authors gave case studies in which the character of the soil strongly influenced the selection of binders, the availability of other foreign substances, and a number of external circumstances. In this paper, there are three main determining factors for the selection of chemicals: (i) soil properties in the selected area, (ii) the behaviour of mixed external matter in soil, and (iii) external factors such as temperature and compaction, which are discussed through the inclusion of case studies from previous papers. This review attempted to cover the selection of novel chemical binders such as FARmLG (Fly ash, Red Mud, Lime, Gypsum) for marine dredge soil, a combination of fly ash and lime for long-term stabilisation of allophanic soil, and EICP (enzyme-induced carbonate precipitate) slurry (made from urea, calcium chloride dehydrates, jack bean, nonfat milk) for stabilising the various Ottawa. The influence of organic matter and 10% Ca-Bentonite with Pulp Fly ash (PFA) as a stabilising agent for this kind of soil is also discussed. Also covered is the adaptation of the solidification/stabilisation (s/s) technique for the treatment of heavy metals. The impact of the use of these binders on various strength parameters and compaction investigations, such as the enhancement of Yield strength and compression parameter using alkali-activated MgO for marine dredge soil, is reviewed. Also, the scientists discovered that adding Ca-Bentonite and PFA increases the compressibility of allophanic soil. By analysing previous research, a brief summary of the positive and negative effects of using different binders on key soil properties is provided. According to the results, allophanic soil may be stabilised using a mixture of 3% lime and 3% fly ash. Sulfate-containing soils will benefit from C3A-containing binders; otherwise, heavy metal mobilisation may occur. The hydraulic resistivity of marine dredge soil is enhanced by alkali-activated MgO, which also provides compressibility. Although the scope of this work is confined to 50 past research publications, the topic’s usefulness is extensive. The authors endeavoured to provide a concise overview of the issue so that the next generation of the scientific community would be motivated to investigate this area.