Role and Applications of Emerging Technologies in Smart City Architecture

The smart city is also known as an innovative city that entirely relies on its smart applications. The foundation of these applications is data and smart objects. Smart Objects are devices and sensors that are interrelated over the Internet or any other communication medium. They can act together without the direct involvement of humans. These Smart Objects capture and sense data from their nearby environment to perform computations. As a result, the goal is to use the data securely and efficiently. The author presented smart city architecture with applications and involved technologies, their performance, and limitations, through a systematic literature review. The author also discussed the various types of data and summarized them in the form of tables and figures with their types, format, and privacy issues. As an outcome, numerous research opportunities emerge to process the various city data. The succeeding technological leap occurs in the Internet of Things, Wireless-Sensor-Networks, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning. They are assisting in the development of city applications such as video-surveillance, activity recognition, traffic management, and so on. Still, they have limitations that must be addressed. To outline further research opportunities, this paper investigates existing research in smart city applications and the role of various technologies.