2D Flood Simulation and Mapping Using Hydraulic Model and GIS Technology

Massive property damage and loss of life have resulted from flooding, which is a common occurrence in many regions of the world, particularly in the developing world. A flood occurs when water from a stream or river overflows its banks and submerges normally dry terrain. Future development and flood mitigation methods rely heavily on understanding flooding behavior and hydraulic features of rivers. The main objective of the research is to simulate the flood event for Lower Narmada River Basin and develop inundation maps. A hydraulic model was utilized in this research to examine a variety of physical variables that are critical to water movement in the river. A digital elevation model (DEM) was used for geometry data generation in ArcGIS, a Geographical Information System (GIS) program, is used to segment the research region for the hydraulic model. Because of this, it makes use of a hydraulic model developed by Hydrologic Engineering Center (HEC-RAS). HEC-GeoRAS is an intermediary module that allows data to be migrated between ArcGIS and HEC-RAS. Flood inundation maps are generated by adding flow data into a model once the necessary geometrical and hydraulic structural data have been gathered and compiled as needed. As a result of hydraulic modeling, flood depth and velocity are also determined. It is necessary to consider flood inundation, depth, and velocity statistics in order to identify flood-prone regions. By using the information from this study, we may better prepare for floods by building an embankment, a flood wall, and other flood mitigation measures. Hydrologists and water resources engineers may utilize the results and findings to plan and develop using the HEC-RAS model, which has excellent performance.