Many birds like starlings, robins, blackbirds, rose-ringed parakeets, crows, Canada geese, orioles, etc., inflict serious damage to the tune of around 25–75% in several economically important crops including maize, grapes, cherries, berries, etc. Conventional bird scaring practices like scare balloons, man-like effigies, and flash tapes have many limitations including the birds getting used to them over long-term usage. Exclusion netting provide good control but is labor intensive and costly. Auditory deterrents are associated with social problems like noise pollution. Besides, inhumane practices like avicides are inefficient over large scale and unethical too. Laser bird deterrents; originally developed for scaring away birds from airports and industrial sites; are the latest high-tech solution which have been experimentally proved to manage bird populations in a variety of field crops, vineyards, and orchards. A software powered camera continuously scans the area, detects the entry of any bird and consequentially aims a diode laser (usually 532 nm green) in a characteristics pattern to startle away the birds. The major advantage of this silent technique is that the birds perceive the approaching laser as a physical danger and do not become accustomed to the laser lights instead, become afraid of them with repeated exposure. Presently, laser scarecrow devices come equipped with battery and solar panel, easily moveable and can be deployed as a sustainable and effective component of multi-tool approach of bird control. It can also be effective as a standalone tool by increasing the density of the devices. However, there is room for continuous research and improvement in this cutting-edge technology like examining daytime application, increasing coverage of the devices and evolving devices suited for a greater number of crops and other vertebrate pests.

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Laser Scarecrows: An Innovative Technology to Control Crop Damage from Birds

  • Subrata Goswami,
  • Mahadevan Raghuraman,
  • Madhurya Ray,
  • Kaushik Kumar Das,
  • Sk Md Ajaharuddin

摘要

Many birds like starlings, robins, blackbirds, rose-ringed parakeets, crows, Canada geese, orioles, etc., inflict serious damage to the tune of around 25–75% in several economically important crops including maize, grapes, cherries, berries, etc. Conventional bird scaring practices like scare balloons, man-like effigies, and flash tapes have many limitations including the birds getting used to them over long-term usage. Exclusion netting provide good control but is labor intensive and costly. Auditory deterrents are associated with social problems like noise pollution. Besides, inhumane practices like avicides are inefficient over large scale and unethical too. Laser bird deterrents; originally developed for scaring away birds from airports and industrial sites; are the latest high-tech solution which have been experimentally proved to manage bird populations in a variety of field crops, vineyards, and orchards. A software powered camera continuously scans the area, detects the entry of any bird and consequentially aims a diode laser (usually 532 nm green) in a characteristics pattern to startle away the birds. The major advantage of this silent technique is that the birds perceive the approaching laser as a physical danger and do not become accustomed to the laser lights instead, become afraid of them with repeated exposure. Presently, laser scarecrow devices come equipped with battery and solar panel, easily moveable and can be deployed as a sustainable and effective component of multi-tool approach of bird control. It can also be effective as a standalone tool by increasing the density of the devices. However, there is room for continuous research and improvement in this cutting-edge technology like examining daytime application, increasing coverage of the devices and evolving devices suited for a greater number of crops and other vertebrate pests.