Advances in Molecular Classification of Gliomas

Glioma is the most prevalent malignant tumor of the central nervous system, and current standard therapies involve surgery combined with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. However, the response to treatment and overall prognosis would vary among individuals, confusing for clinicians. Fortunately, the rapid development of gene sequencing technology in this century has provided a deeper understanding of the gene profile of human glioma through large-scale and high-throughput sequencing. This has enabled the implementation of precision medicine, providing a basis and direction for individualized treatment. Molecular classification has become an important part of pathological diagnosis, and an integrated diagnosis report with both molecular and histology components has been released in the most recent WHO CNS5 glioma classification scheme. Understanding molecular classification and diagnosis of glioma can aid clinicians in accurately determining the prognosis of patients and providing personalized treatment.