Clinical Trials on Glioma

Glioma, the most common malignant tumor of the central nervous system, is also among the top 10 malignant tumors in terms of annual deaths. This devastating disease carries a poor prognosis, high disability rate, and a substantial economic burden on society and families. Despite these challenges, significant advancements have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of glioma. Previously, the surgical goal was focused on “saving lives,” but now the aim is to “protect neurological function” while treating the tumor. The classification of gliomas has also evolved from traditional histomorphological classification to a more comprehensive approach that includes molecular pathology and histomorphology. Molecular biomarkers such as IDH mutation, H3K27M mutation, and 1p/19q co-deletion have been introduced in the NCCN CNS tumor guideline, revolutionizing the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of glioma and ushering it into the era of molecular typing. As the field of “precision medicine” continues to advance, clinical trials will play a critical role in glioma research.