Pesticides are utilized to control pests and increase agricultural production. These chemical compounds are employed to repel, mitigate, or eradicate harmful pests that pose a threat to plant and humans. While pesticides provide benefits to crops, their usage also has significant adverse effects on the environment. They impact both intended targets and unintended species, including humans. The detrimental effects of pesticides, including their parent compounds, degradation products, and metabolites, can harm ecosystems, the environment, and human health. To safeguard public health, the World Health Organization (WHO) categorizes pesticides based on their harmful effects. Minimizing pesticide usage and understanding their classification can help reduce their impact on both the environment and human health. Currently, bioremediation strategies are being employed to combat pesticide pollution, offering an inexpensive and environment-friendly approach. This chapter covers various aspects of pesticides, including their global distribution, environmental impacts, human health concerns, and sustainable management through bioremediation.