Industry expansion and the worldwide urbanization trends are producing enormous amounts of wastewater globally. Rivers are emptied of around 80% of the generated industrial effluent, deteriorating the ecosystem. Organic pollution from industrial processes, including dyes, is one of the main reasons why water quality is declining. Several industries release highly colored wastewater-containing dyes during their diverse processes, such as dying, tanning, and subsequent washing stages that pose a threat to environment, plants, animals, and humans as they interfere with many processes, such as photosynthesis, inhibit plant growth, enter the food chain, and have a potential for mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. The majority of traditional physicochemical methods fail to extract dyes from industrial effluents entirely. Technological and microbiological developments have made bioremediation a viable and eco-friendly alternative to traditional treatment methods in this field. This study evaluated potential microbiological mechanisms for developing remediation technologies to prevent environmental pollution caused by wastewaters containing dyes.