Scholarlink

The blood–brain barrier (BBB), formed by the cerebral microvascular system, is impermeable to most therapeutically used compounds, representing one of the significant challenges in medication for central nervous system (CNS) diseases. The BBB consists of highly specialized endothelial cells surrounded by pericytes and the basal membrane. Together with adjacent astrocytes and neurons, they form the so-called neurovascular unit, crucial for maintaining the CNS homeostasis. The integrity of the BBB is vital for preserving CNS stability, since most therapeutic compounds are impermeable, making it a focal point in neurovascular research. The structure and function of the BBB are complex, encompassing brain microvascular endothelial cells, pericytes, the basal membrane, astrocytes, and immune cells, each playing a partial role in maintaining the barrier’s selective permeability. BBB restricts the transfer of substances from the blood to the brain and vice versa, maintaining cerebral ionic balance. This chapter describes the BBB’s architecture and its function in disease states. The alterations in barrier function under various disease conditions, such as cerebral ischemia and hemorrhagic transformation is discussed, highlighting the urgent need to understand these mechanisms for developing therapeutic interventions. A significant portion of this chapter is dedicated to exploring the role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen (NADPH) in protecting the BBB under various pathological conditions. Detailed studies reveal NADPH’s protective effects against brain damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion, its benefits in alleviating endothelial cell damage due to hypoglycemic stress, and its protective role during hemorrhagic stroke. Through comprehensive analysis and evidence-based research findings, this chapter delves into the BBB’s structure, its critical function in CNS pathology, and the therapeutic potential of NADPH in maintaining BBB integrity under conditions of cerebral ischemia and hemorrhagic transformation.

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Coenzyme II and Vascular Endothelium and Blood–Brain Barrier

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

查看全文
  • Hui Xu,
  • Jin-Hua Gu

摘要

The blood–brain barrier (BBB), formed by the cerebral microvascular system, is impermeable to most therapeutically used compounds, representing one of the significant challenges in medication for central nervous system (CNS) diseases. The BBB consists of highly specialized endothelial cells surrounded by pericytes and the basal membrane. Together with adjacent astrocytes and neurons, they form the so-called neurovascular unit, crucial for maintaining the CNS homeostasis. The integrity of the BBB is vital for preserving CNS stability, since most therapeutic compounds are impermeable, making it a focal point in neurovascular research. The structure and function of the BBB are complex, encompassing brain microvascular endothelial cells, pericytes, the basal membrane, astrocytes, and immune cells, each playing a partial role in maintaining the barrier’s selective permeability. BBB restricts the transfer of substances from the blood to the brain and vice versa, maintaining cerebral ionic balance. This chapter describes the BBB’s architecture and its function in disease states. The alterations in barrier function under various disease conditions, such as cerebral ischemia and hemorrhagic transformation is discussed, highlighting the urgent need to understand these mechanisms for developing therapeutic interventions. A significant portion of this chapter is dedicated to exploring the role of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen (NADPH) in protecting the BBB under various pathological conditions. Detailed studies reveal NADPH’s protective effects against brain damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion, its benefits in alleviating endothelial cell damage due to hypoglycemic stress, and its protective role during hemorrhagic stroke. Through comprehensive analysis and evidence-based research findings, this chapter delves into the BBB’s structure, its critical function in CNS pathology, and the therapeutic potential of NADPH in maintaining BBB integrity under conditions of cerebral ischemia and hemorrhagic transformation.