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Mammalian cells rely on the interconversion between NADP+ and NADPH to support reducing biosynthesis and maintain cellular antioxidant as well as immune defenses. The cytoplasmic NADPH serves as a substrate for fatty acid biosynthesis and as the reducing equivalent required for antioxidant defense by reducing GSH and thioredoxin, while mitochondrial NADPH serves as a host biosynthetic precursor. This chapter provides an overview of NADPH as an electron donor involved in in vivo biotransformation, synthesis of fatty acid, steroid, and DNA, as well as interactions with signal proteins discovered in recent years.

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Nicotinamide Coenzyme II and Reductive Synthesis, Biotransformation, and Protein Interactions

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Ding-Mei Zhang,
  • Hai-Dong Xu,
  • Yu-Jie Mou,
  • Zheng-Hong Qin

摘要

Mammalian cells rely on the interconversion between NADP+ and NADPH to support reducing biosynthesis and maintain cellular antioxidant as well as immune defenses. The cytoplasmic NADPH serves as a substrate for fatty acid biosynthesis and as the reducing equivalent required for antioxidant defense by reducing GSH and thioredoxin, while mitochondrial NADPH serves as a host biosynthetic precursor. This chapter provides an overview of NADPH as an electron donor involved in in vivo biotransformation, synthesis of fatty acid, steroid, and DNA, as well as interactions with signal proteins discovered in recent years.