Sea buckthorn essential oil contains rich unsaturated fatty acids, tocopherols, β-carotene, and sterols. Research has shown that sea buckthorn oil has multiple pharmacological functions, such as protecting the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular and gastrointestinal illnesses, moistening skin, promoting skin tissue regeneration, and serving the role of epithelial tissue healing, improving skin aging phenomenon, and relieving dried eyes. Sea buckthorn oil microcapsule preparation is divided into physical method and physical method, using the application in medicine and natural substance microcapsule advantage, the embedding of sea buckthorn oil to wall material selection, and the embedding rate of microcapsule particle size as detection of microcapsule quality indicators. Based on the effect of sea buckthorn oil compositions and pharmacological functions, the present status of development and utilization of microcapsules were reviewed in order to understand sea buckthorn oil microcapsule product development to provide a theoretical foundation and basis.