The development which involves mindful use of nonrenewable resources and avoids overutilization of renewable resources without imperiling the ability of future generations to meet their needs is sustainable. It embodies economic development, and social and environmental aspects. Water is a part of the global cycle thus called the raw material of the twenty-first century; it is one of the most important and indispensable natural resources in existence. Marine and freshwater bodies are the abode of innumerable life forms. Overexploitation and water pollution exploitation are key concerns in developed countries as well as in emerging ones. Extensive use of freshwater in irrigation, sanitation, and hydropower is becoming the major cause of water volume depletion in lakes, ponds, and rivers. These water sources are also being heavily polluted by the drainage of wastewater into them without prior treatment. Such anthropogenic practices are heavily affecting aquatic life, leading to loss of sensitive and specialized species of aquatic plants and animals which is throwing off the ecological balance. To overcome such problems, number of management strategies like rainwater harvesting, water-saving irrigation methods, proper sewage treatment, mindful dam construction with minimal loss of nature, etc. can be employed properly.