The canal system in China is a world miracle created by China and an inevitable choice determined by China’s natural geographical characteristics. In the long years dominated by water transportation, the construction of a north–south water transportation corridor was not only a necessity for social and economic development at that time, but also a great feat of ancient humanity. Today, China’s canal system has fully connected the Haihe River, Huaihe River, Yellow River, Yangtze River and the Pearl River water systems, forming the world’s largest, busiest and still playing an important role in the artificial canal system, which is an unparalleled world miracle.