Halophytes possess unique genetic traits that enable them to withstand harsh environmental conditions such as high salinity, extreme temperatures, drought, and metal pollution. Although draft genomes are accessible for a limited halophyte, existing multi-omics datasets provide thorough insights into the regulatory pathways and gene networks essential for constructing comprehensive models of multi-stress tolerance. Bioengineering strategies involving the transfer and expression of halophyte genes in glycophytes have shown significant promise for enhancing crop resilience, agricultural profitability, and ecosystem health. Genes isolated from species of the genera Atriplex, Haloxylon, Lobularia, Nitraria, Salicornia, Suaeda, and Thellungiella have been successfully in many salt-sensitive crops such as cotton, groundnut, rice, soybean, and tobacco, resulting in stress-tolerant transgenic crops. The development of such robust transgenic will not only contribute to food security but also enable the cultivation of crops on marginal lands without chemical and fertilizer inputs. Furthermore, engineered halophytes hold significant potential for producing bioproducts with applications in renewable energy, environmental remediation, food, and pharmaceuticals. These include bio-alcohols, biodiesel, biohydrogen, metabolites, nanocomposites, and specialty chemicals. To maximize the underlying of halophytes for future transgenic breakthroughs, it is essential to integrate multi-omics datasets, precise gene editing tools, and systems biology approaches with ongoing interdisciplinary research.

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Bioengineering of Halophytes: Recent Development and Future Perspective

  • Abhishek Joshi,
  • Marius-Nicusor Grigore,
  • Luisa Calujac,
  • Jaya Arora

摘要

Halophytes possess unique genetic traits that enable them to withstand harsh environmental conditions such as high salinity, extreme temperatures, drought, and metal pollution. Although draft genomes are accessible for a limited halophyte, existing multi-omics datasets provide thorough insights into the regulatory pathways and gene networks essential for constructing comprehensive models of multi-stress tolerance. Bioengineering strategies involving the transfer and expression of halophyte genes in glycophytes have shown significant promise for enhancing crop resilience, agricultural profitability, and ecosystem health. Genes isolated from species of the genera Atriplex, Haloxylon, Lobularia, Nitraria, Salicornia, Suaeda, and Thellungiella have been successfully in many salt-sensitive crops such as cotton, groundnut, rice, soybean, and tobacco, resulting in stress-tolerant transgenic crops. The development of such robust transgenic will not only contribute to food security but also enable the cultivation of crops on marginal lands without chemical and fertilizer inputs. Furthermore, engineered halophytes hold significant potential for producing bioproducts with applications in renewable energy, environmental remediation, food, and pharmaceuticals. These include bio-alcohols, biodiesel, biohydrogen, metabolites, nanocomposites, and specialty chemicals. To maximize the underlying of halophytes for future transgenic breakthroughs, it is essential to integrate multi-omics datasets, precise gene editing tools, and systems biology approaches with ongoing interdisciplinary research.