Zhengzhou: Transformation from Ancient Capital to Logistical and Economic Hub

Zhengzhou is a city in east-central China that has a rich history that dates back more than 4,000 years (Hao, 2022). Situated on the southern bank of the Yellow River (Li et al., 2020), Zhengzhou has been the capital of several ancient Chinese dynasties, including the Shang Dynasty (Liu et al., 2019), which is among the earliest Chinese dynasties to be documented. The city has played a significant role in Chinese history (Xu, 2021). The city’s many archaeological sites, such as the ancient Shang city ruins, which are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, are evidence of these close historical ties (Liu & Chen, 2012). These ruins offer priceless insights into early Chinese civilization and culture (Zheng, 2016) in addition to highlighting Zhengzhou’s historical significance.