This chapter explores the theoretical bases and conceptual frameworks that underpin the concept of deliberate metaphor (DM). It commences by revisiting historical perspectives on metaphor, contrasting scholars’ divergent views, from Plato’s skepticism to Aristotle’s seminal contributions. Subsequently, the chapter shifts focus to the rise of Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT), dissecting its implications and limitations. Steen’s Deliberate Metaphor Theory (DMT) is then introduced as a framework that aims to address the gaps in CMT, particularly regarding the communicative aspect of metaphor. The chapter critically examines DMT, emphasizing the role of attention and perspective-shifting in DM. Finally, it delves into the cognitive processing of DM, using the “invisible hand” metaphor as a case study to illustrate the intricacies of deliberate metaphor usage and its communicative impacts.