Use of Hyaluronic Acid Fillers for the Lower Face
摘要
Over the past few decades, the use of hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers has become increasingly popular in aesthetic medicine, due to their ability to provide natural-looking results with minimal downtime and risk. While these fillers have traditionally been used to target specific areas of the face, such as the cheeks and lips, recent research has explored their potential applications in the lower face and neck. This area of the face is particularly vulnerable to volume loss and sagging skin as we age, leading to jowls, marionette lines, and a double chin. HA fillers can be used to add volume and lift to these areas, improving overall facial harmony and reducing the signs of aging. However, the use of fillers in the lower face and neck requires a nuanced approach, as these areas are more complex and delicate than other regions of the face. This chapter will provide an overview of the current literature on the use of HA fillers in the lower face (excluding lips) and neck, including their indications, techniques, and complications.