Precarity, COVID-19 and Emigration in the Middle East and North Africa
摘要
The spread of COVID-19 has exposed existing social and economic insecurities in the Middle East and North Africa. In this chapter, we explore the correlates of precarity associated with COVID-19 and people thinking about emigrating at both the micro- and macro-levels. Using Arab Barometer VI part III data, the impact of precarity at the micro level is explored through the lens of people's experiences of day-to-day survival. This includes whether they had enough money to buy groceries, whether they had a loss of income, whether they received government aid, and other variables. At a macro level, satisfaction with the economic situation of the country was the strongest factor influencing an individual’s desire for emigration. At the micro level, state-induced precarity and unemployment were key contributing factors whilst the odds of desire for emigration increased only by 7.7% with income. Individuals who received government aid were 27% less likely to think of emigrating.