Restrictive policies towards immigrant-owned small enterprises is a phenomenon that is widely attributed to Africa’s past. Political leaders in many newly independent states often viewed migrant-owned businesses as a threat to nation building and the economic upliftment of citizens. As a result, many passed legislation to prohibit non-nationals from operating small and medium sized businesses. Such exclusions are not limited to the continent’s history. Over the past two decades, a number of African countries have passed legislation curtailing immigrant-owned enterprises. Targeted groups include migrants from neighbouring countries or more distant regions seeking work opportunities, as well as asylum seekers and refugees escaping persecution and conflict on the continent and further afield. This chapter traces the recent enactment of laws curtailing immigrant enterprises in Zimbabwe, Ghana and South Africa. It describes the migrants targeted by exclusions, the background context leading to interventions, the challenges that states have encountered in legislating and enforcing their policies, and the impact that interventions have thus far had on both migrant and citizens alike.