The global fishing industry is a vital part of the global food system, but it is also a sector in which abuses of migrant workers on fishing vessels have been widely reported. This chapter draws upon global reports from academic, journalistic and advocacy organisations concerning labour conditions in the global fishing industry, as well as our own extensive research interviews with crew members and other key actors in the fishing and migrant deployment industries. We examine the various geographies of labour migration for work on distant water fishing vessels, with a particular focus on the recruitment of Indonesian and Filipino workers on Taiwanese distant water fishing fleets. We also describe the nature of work for migrant crews on board fishing vessels, paying particular attention to reasons why working conditions and power relations have been so problematic in the sector. Finally, we explore the ways in which fishing work is distinctive in terms of how jurisdiction is exercised, creating conditions conducive to labour abuse, especially among migrant crew members; but we also suggest that pressure from consumers, campaigning NGOs and researchers has led governments to start tackling the most egregious cases of abusive working conditions.