The laissez-faire doctrine of the Physiocratic SchoolPhysiocratic School has been an important topic in the history of economic theory. However, those who deal with it in economic writings in China and abroad generally place it in the development of Western economic thought, seldom considering the factors outside the West. In this chapter, we will systematically examine the Physiocratic concept of laissez faireLaissez faire, in terms of its Western origin, its main meanings, and its compatibility with the ancient Chinese thought of wu weiWu wei (inactionInaction). In particular, we will explore the unique way in which the Physiocratic theory of laissez faireLaissez faire was influenced, in the light of its basic feature, by ancient Chinese thought.