Social Work Services for Rural Elderly Individuals in Poverty Due to Lack of Capacity

Research on poverty includes economic, capability, and social perspectives, focusing on economic poverty, capability poverty, and social exclusion, respectively. Correspondingly, the paradigm of poverty governance has undergone a transformation, shifting from predominantly charitable efforts to government assistance and, later, to collaborative governance involving government, business, and social organizations. In terms of governance methods, there has been a shift from relief-oriented poverty alleviation to development-oriented strategies and further to participatory poverty alleviation. Regarding governance objectives, the emphasis has evolved from improving economic poverty to overcoming capability poverty and eventually to alleviating social exclusion.