The Impact of Green Spaces Characteristics on Enhancing Resilience of Urban Canyons Microclimates

Following the Industrial Revolution and the rise of automobiles in cities, the shape and geometry of cities underwent significant changes, which affected urban morphology. This unsustainable development disrupted the balance between built and natural environments, leading to many problems for cities and their citizens over time. Environmental problems are the most significant. Damage to green infrastructure, natural ecosystems, water and air pollution, and extreme heat are just a few examples. Numerous Nature-based solutions have been proposed to achieve these goals. One primary strategy is the development of urban green spaces, which serve as a platform for restoring balance to cities and reducing environmental harm. Recent studies show that simply adding green spaces to cities is not enough. Their design and placement need to be carefully considered to maximize their benefits. Not considering these properties in the design and development of microclimates not only does not improve urban resilience but can also exacerbate these harms. Therefore, this chapter focuses on understanding the behavior of urban green spaces and their influential properties on urban microclimates. These influential properties include planting design and layout, tree proportions and geometric form, density and permeability, and other physiological characteristics.