This study utilizing an advanced ultra-efficiency slacks-based measure model derived from data envelopment analysis, an evaluation index system has been developed to systematically assess the social and economic benefits of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway express in order to delve into the operational dynamics of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway express services. The evaluation involves a comprehensive assessment of efficiency values, input redundancy rates, and output insufficiency rates, providing a comprehensive review of the service’s operational effectiveness. The results indicate that railway firms have the opportunity to make use of the unused capacity of high-speed railway in order to actively participate in the market for transporting small parcels. Additionally, it promotes the expansion of the positive impacts of high-speed railway, making it easier to provide secure, top-notch, affordable, and effective express services.