The study focuses on the valuation method of railway data assets, aiming to address the lack of pricing methods for data assets in the railway industry. Firstly, a basic value assessment model is constructed that includes total cost and quality factors of data assets. Subsequently, market supply and demand, value realization risk, and data monopoly coefficient factors are incorporated into the value assessment model to establish an internal market pricing based on cost price as well as three external market pricing methods including comparable transaction pricing, buyer utility pricing, and bargaining pricing. Finally, the work uses a case study to calculate the final price range of the data assets to be 59,323.75 to 84,000.00 Yuan RMB.