The rapid growth of worldwide industrialization and excessive reliance on fossil fuels have resulted in the emission of greenhouse gases, intensifying the rise in global temperatures and raising environmental concerns. However, because of favorable regulations and falling costs, there has been a significant increase in the capacity of renewable energy in recent years. Even while renewable energy has come a long way, it still has a small impact on industries like heating and transportation. The push for the use of renewable energy comes mostly from efforts to mitigate climate change, such as the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement, which aims to keep global warming to 1.5 °C. Greenhouse gas emissions must be reduced to half during the next 10 years and reach “net-zero carbon emmision” by 2050 in order to meet this lofty target. This chapter summarizes the advancements, chances, and difficulties encountered during this revolutionary voyage toward decarbonization, in which renewable energy is essential. Energy efficiency, behavioral modifications, electrification, renewable energy, hydrogen and hydrogen-based fuels, bioenergy, and carbon capture, use, and storage (CCUS) are important decarbonization pillars. Achieving a low-carbon future requires a wide range of policy alternatives, supported by international cooperation, including carbon price, regulations, investments in green technologies, and sustainable land-use practices. Future generations can live in a world that is more sustainable and climate-resilient if we establish a well-thought-out policy framework now.