Further Issues

This chapter, Further Issues, discusses some further issues related to population dynamics. I have extensively applied complexity theory (exchangeably chaos theory, synergetics, nonlinear dynamics) to political, economic, and social issues. Ideas and techniques in complexity theory can be applied to enrich and deepen this book. The introduction of population dynamics with age structure is extremely important but challenging topic. Issues related to population structures are mathematically difficult as modern mathematical biology shows. There are a lot of studies about sexes in natural sciences, such as genomics, population genetics, and evolutionary biology. Moreover, these separated branches of natural sciences are brought together partly owing to the recent development of nonlinear science and computers. It would enrich my approach if modeling frameworks and ideas from natural sciences are properly applied to generalize my approach. Many races of mankind disappeared or became populous owing to multiple political, geographical, social, and economic conditions. Indeed, this book is just an initial stage toward building better theories in the reservoir of knowledge in a long-term perspective.