Utilization of GIS to Study the Relationship Between Traffic Congestion and Land Uses, an Academic Study of Al-Karrada City, Iraq
摘要
Urban land uses are characterized by dynamism and rapid and continuous change, and the speed of their change and continuity are related to the nature of society and its requirements. Baghdad, like most cities in the world, suffers from problems in the distribution of land uses. This research came to study the reality of these uses in the Karrada area, and evaluate them regarding the basic design specified for them and the standards adopted in city planning and whether they are in the right direction and the extent of their impact on the emergence of the problem of traffic congestion in the transport sector, which negatively affects the breathing of the capital, Baghdad. The Karrada area was selected because it represents a large urban center in Baghdad, inhabited by about one million people distributed over an area of about 72 km2. The GIS capabilities were used in data entry, storage, processing, and output in the form of maps and tables. The questionnaire was also used as a tool to find out the respondents' opinions about traffic jams and what are the uses whose accumulation in the study area had an effect in exacerbating the problem of traffic congestion. The results proved that there is a big difference between them and the basic design specified for them and the standards adopted in city planning, and proved that the overcrowding of service institutions, whether governmental or educational, led to the exacerbation of the problem of traffic congestion. The study recommended the need for comprehensive, integrated, and sustainable planning for these uses and adherence to land use planning standards to achieve spatial justice in the distribution of those uses and benefit from the experiences and strategies of countries in the field of land and the transport sector and the need for integration between them and encourage investment.