Exercise Therapy Interventions for DPN

The International Diabetes Federation predicts a global increase in diabetes cases from 2000 to 366 million by 2030. Microvascular complications associated with diabetes are a prevalent symptom in DPN patients, hence regular foot screenings are recommended. Weight-bearing, resistance, and aerobic exercise can benefit diabetic nephropathy patients, improving walking distance and step count without side effects. Aerobic exercise has been found to reduce cardiovascular disease mortality, increase cardiovascular capacity, and improve the utilization of oxygen, body mass index, and metabolism in type 2 diabetes patients. Resistance exercise training enhances muscle growth, strength, power, endurance, sports performance, health, and fitness. Yoga-based therapies are suggested for postural instability patients to improve flexibility and balance. Tai chi, Swiss ball training, and other exercises have been shown to improve balance and mobility in individuals with long-term medical and mental issues. FOotCAre trial II uses foot-related workouts to prevent diabetes and diabetic foot pain, improving musculoskeletal health, gait velocity, and joint range of motion. Patients can incorporate foot-ankle exercises into their self-management routine using LegSysTM and PAMSysTM sensors for balance evaluation and training. Healing and completeness are achieved by integrating the mind, body, and spirit in holistic care.