In recent years, China has initiated the concept of “building a community of shared destiny for mankind”, aiming to find a way out of the international tensions and confrontations that have plagued the world for a long time and to promote the development of globalization and the well-being of mankind by seeking a new framework for common interests and common values of mankind. However, the background of this initiative, its theoretical basis, logic and practical intentions are not as simple as they seem at the first glance. In particular, each of its basic concepts, such as “humanity”, “destiny” and “community”, needs critical deliberation and stipulation from a new perspective so that its connotation can be effectively and accurately expressed and its meaning be tested and confirmed through practice.