Human-induced climate change has affected weather and extreme climate events, the Three Gorges Hydropower Project is the largest hydropower project in the world, which must inevitably have some impacts on the regional climate and extreme climate. Based on the data of precipitation, temperature, sunshine hours, relative humidity, minimum temperature and maximum temperature of 14 meteorological stations in the study area for 59 years from 1961 to 2019, this paper adopts the climate tendency rate, Mann-Kendall test, ordered clustering method, Kriging difference method to analyze the climate change trend and spatial differentiation characteristics before and after the impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir. The results indicated that the impact on precipitation is weak, there is no significant trends; sunshine hours and relative humidity all showed a significant decreasing trend at 11 stations. However, Except Gaoping, Badong, Enshi and Laifeng, the temperature of the other 10 stations has changed significantly rise trend from a cooling trend to a warming trend. The Three Gorges Reservoir has a slowing effect on the rise of minimum temperature at Wanyuan, Badong, Wufeng, Yichang, Jingzhou, Wanzhou, Shapingba, Laifeng and Yibing, the impact on the ecosystem is beneficial. The increase of maximum temperature at 13 stations except Yichang will inevitably change the regional ecosystem. The abrupt changes of temperature, relative humidity and maximum temperature all occurred after impoundment of the Three Gorges Reservoir. After the impoundment of the Three Gorges Dam, the precipitation variability increased in the west and decreased in the east; North-central temperatures rise more; The decrease range in the east is greater than that in the west; Relative humidity in the west decreased more than that in the east. The temporal and spatial changes of lacal climate will inevitably have a certain impact on the local ecosystem.