Edge computing is a new computing mode, which aims to push computing and data processing to edge locations near data sources such as Internet of Things devices and intelligent terminals, so as to achieve low latency and efficient data processing. This research focuses on the edge computing environment for intelligent terminals, discusses the key data processing mechanisms, and conducts a series of experiments and evaluations to deeply understand its performance and effects. First, in terms of data collection and transmission, we studied how to effectively collect large-scale data from intelligent terminals and sensor devices, and transmit it to edge computing nodes through the network. The experimental results indicate that with the support of high-speed network connections, fast data transmission is crucial for real-time data processing. Secondly, in terms of data processing capability of edge computing nodes, we focus on real-time performance, data cleaning, pre-processing, analysis algorithms, and models. The experimental and evaluation results reveal the importance of appropriate hardware configuration and optimization algorithms in improving real-time performance and data quality.