Pyroelectric Properties of Electroceramics

This chapter presents an overview of pyroelectric properties, including principles such as the pyroelectric effect, i.e., the generation of electric polarization due to the change in temperature and polarization shifts, and their importance in advanced novel technologies. It also explains the effect of novel characteristics, including coefficient of pyroelectricity, thermal responsivity, and figure of merit, on the efficiency and sensitivity of pyroelectric devices. This chapter focuses on the numerous relevant and practical applications of pyroelectric materials in thermal energy harvesting from the external environment, pyroelectric sensing, imaging, wastewater treatment, and disinfection, among other things. Some electroceramic materials, including lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT), Potassium niobate (LiNbO3), lithium niobate (LiNbO3), Lithium Tantalate, and langasite (La3Ga5SiO14), with notable pyroelectric properties, are presented to showcase the wide spectrum of pyroelectric applications. This chapter also highlights the role of material composition, crystal structure, and processing techniques in tailoring pyroelectric properties to suit specific application requirements. Finally, developments and future prospects in the pyroelectric properties of electroceramics for advanced energy-efficient devices will be explored in this context, as will defects in them. This study may provide considerable direction and motivation in the development of pyroelectric materials by providing a comprehensive conclusion and analysis of the most recent research developments.