The genus Abelmoschus has a cryptic and complex history of systematics, making the classification of species and the assignment of other categories within the taxa challenging. This complexity primarily stems from the occurrence of polyploidy and evolutionary (morpho-cytological) changes within the species. To date, limited attention has been given to the taxonomical, cytological, and genomic aspects of the Abelmoschus genus. Moreover, the susceptibility of developed cultivars to the loss of resistance, due to various factors, poses a threat to global food and nutritional security. This review aims to consolidate existing information on economic utility, taxonomy, species diversity and distribution, cytogenetic relationships, crossability and hybridization, amphidiploids, mutagenesis, the basis of resistance, and biotechnological interventions aimed at understanding diversity in the genus Abelmoschus and utilization of useful diversity for crop improvement. Consequently, it could serve as a valuable resource for individuals actively involved in okra research and development.